Eczema can cause a wide range of symptoms. All types of eczema cause a desire to scratch. The primary symptoms of eczema include: redness, weeping skin, pain, heat, tenderness, scaling, crusting, dryness, broken skin which may be a result of intense scratching and small blisters may also occur. Over time, damage to the upper layer of the skin can cause the skin to thicken and become scaly.
Each subset of eczema has it’s own distinct causes:
The cause of atopic eczema is related to the presence of hay fever and asthma, which are conditions of the immune system. These conditions are often passed down through the generations of a family.
Irritant contact eczema is caused by a direct contact with the skin and an irritant substance such as soap, detergents, gasoline, diesel or engine oil, various chemicals such as household and industrial cleaners, acids, alkaline mixtures which can acutely inflame the skin. The condition can worsen with repeated exposure.
Allergic contact eczema is a result of contact with substances, which sensitize the skin such as poison oak, ivy or sumac, cosmetics, rubber, nickel, wool, dye, polyester. Initial exposure to the irritant occurs and it is the re-exposure that causes acute inflammation.